Chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps (chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, CRSwNP) is a common disease in otorhinolaryngology, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. CRSwNP is characterized by highly heterogeneous chronic inflammation of nasal cavity and sinus mucosa. Inflammatory changes have been widely regarded as the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. However, the inflammatory regulatory network is complex, and it is not clear which key upstream factors may be involved in the inflammatory state of CRSwNP. In recent years, it has been found that microRNA(miRNA) plays an important regulatory role in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP, which may be involved in this process through epigenetics. Focusing on the possible role of miRNA in CRSwNP, especially its potential role in inflammatory environment changes, including its expression pattern, function and potential clinical application, this paper summarizes the research progress of miRNA on inflammatory and non-inflammatory mechanisms of CRSwNP, which provides theoretical basis for subsequent research.